For more such PMI ACP Practice tests kindly consider purchasing our books on Amazon 

• PMI-ACP® Exam Preparation: Based on PMBOK® Guide – 6th edition

• PMI – ACP 6 practice tests 

Practice Test 1

Q1. The goal of a sprint should be to:

1. Deliver and deploy the product to production
2. Complete as many features as possible
3. Produce a product increment of a releasable quality
4. Fix all the defects in the product

Answer: C. Produce a product increment of a releasable quality

A sprint is supposed to produce a product increment of releasable quality

Q2. Continuous integration is:

1. When the development happens in real time
2. When code is integrated after the feature is updated
3. When all code changes are checked and tested every day
4. When the team works on a single set of code

Answer: C. When all code changes are checked and tested every day

Continuous integration is executed when code changes are checked and tested daily.

Q3. A definition of done clarifies when a particular work item can be marked as done. When is the definition of done first used by the team?

1. While estimating the work
2. While marking a work item as complete
3. During the sprint to ascertain what all needs to be done
4. By the tester while checking the stories

Answer: A. While estimating the work

While estimating the work the team should know what needs to be done, so that they can make informed commitments.

Q4. How frequently should the test-code-test cycle repeat itself in test-driven development?

1. At least once a day
2. At the end of an iteration
3. Every few minutes
4. For each line of code

Answer: C. Every few minutes

Test-driven development means the code should follow the tests and the cycle should repeat frequently

Q5. A team assigned 3 story points to a story. The manager wanted to know how this can co-relate to the time required to complete it. How should the team respond?

1. A story point is roughly one hour of work
2. A story point is roughly one day of work
3. Story points are not directly correlated to time, rather through velocity, which specifies how many points a team can complete in an iteration
4. A team will establish a standard ratio between points and hours, which is constant for a specific team

Answer: C. Story points are not directly correlated to time, rather through velocity, which specifies how many points a team can complete in an iteration

A story point is a unit of measure to express the estimated effort of the user story.

Q6. In order to implement Lean, the first step should be to:

1. Eliminate waste
2. Limit work-in-progress
3. Draw a value stream map
4. Continuously improve the process

Answer: C

Value stream mapping is a way of analyzing a chain of processes and is the first step to achieve elimination of waste.

Q7. A team facilitator (aka scrum master) facilitates the daily stand-up meeting for a team. The facilitator is going on a leave for 2 weeks. What should be done about the daily stand-up meetings in this period?

1. The product owner should facilitate for that period
2. The stand-up meetings should be deferred until the scrum master returns
3. The stand-up meetings should happen regardless of whether the facilitator is present or not
4. The team should inform each other about the status through emails or other means of communication

Answer: C. The stand-up meetings should happen regardless of whether the facilitator is present or not

Daily stand-up meeting is important to the flow of communication and for early detection of any issues. This should not be skipped even if the scrum master or facilitator is absent.

Q8. The process of test-driven development has the following steps:

1. Test, Code, Deliver, Refractor
2. Code, Refactor, Test, Deliver
3. Code, Test, Refactor, Deliver
4. Test, Code, Refactor, Deliver

Answer:  D

The steps for the process of test-driven development are test, code, refactor, and deliver.

Q9. Agile approaches are becoming very popular in every industry today because of their flexibility to adapt to change. This is important because:

1. Reducing the extent of change is important for success
2. Planning is greatly hampered if there is excessive change
3. Changes bring about a competitive advantage to the customer
4. Teams need to gear up to handle change to improve their technical abilities

Answer: C. Changes bring about a competitive advantage to the customer

Changing requirements brings about a competitive advantage to the customer.

Q10. Agile focuses on iterative, incremental development, whereas Kanban focuses on:

1. Minimizing waste
2. Maximizing WIP
3. Maximizing Lead Time
4. Flow of work

Answer: D. Flow of work

Kanban focuses on flow of work

Q 11. A PMO (Project Management Office) can be a key enabler for an agile transformation. What could be an area that the PMO can help an agile team with?

1. How to deliver the work
2. Guidelines to ensure compliance with established frameworks
3. Standards and benchmarks for team velocity
4. Technical expertise required to deliver

Answer: B. Guidelines to ensure compliance with established frameworks

The PMO can help the team stay on the right side of required compliance needs

Q 12. The developers in a team felt that all the stories were completed. A tester in the team disagreed with this. What is the best way to resolve this issue?

1. Redefine the stories after each iteration
2. Approach the customer
3. Don’t change the stories. The team agreed on the definition in advance
4. Rewrite ground rules

Answer: C. Don’t change the stories. The team agreed on the definition in advance

Done must be explicitly defined and agreed upon by the entire team.

Q 13. A team is debating about the effectiveness of two different design approaches. How to arrive at a conclusion?

1. Approach the customer to clarify requirements
2. Conduct small experiments to help the team determine a course of action
3. Add a story to finalize the design
4. Set aside one iteration for design

Answer: B. Conduct small experiments to help the team determine a course of action

Spike is a quick experiment used to help the team answer a question and determine a path forward.

Q14.Which of the following is the best description of the 5 Whys technique?

1. Ask why while selecting the team, scrum master, and product owner
2. Ask why questions while understanding and analyzing user stories
3. Asking the why question at least 5 or as many times as necessary to understand the deeper root causes
4. Five people asking the why question to see if the answers are consistent

Answer: C. Asking the why question at least 5 or as many times as necessary to understand the deeper root causes

Toyota used the 5 Whys in their manufacturing processes to detect and correct deeper root causes of issues

Q 15. A team is estimating the time needed to create a software package by posting stories on the wall in the order from of least to greatest. This is an example of:

1. Relative sizing
2. Top down estimating
3. Wireframes
4. Game player

Answer: A. Relative sizing

Relative sizing is estimating the size of a function or user story based on the size of another one.

Q 16. The most important job of a scrum master is:

1. To keep the team focused on agile principles
2. To manage the projects
3. To be a liaison with the customer
4. To report status to executives

 Answer: A. To keep the team focused on agile principles

The scrum master is responsible for helping the team to follow the scrum process.

Q 17. Senior management would like to keep tabs on progress of a project. What is the best demonstration of progress that the team can come up with?

1. Burn down chart
2. Information radiators
3. Value points delivered
4. Working product

Answer: D. Working product

Working software is the primary measure of progress as per the Agile Manifesto

Q 18. Extreme programming believes in programmers working in pairs. Which of the following is an exception to this rule?

1. When the team works on a SPIKE
2. When there is an emergency
3. When programmers are fixing defects
4. When programmers implement minor features

Answer: A. When the team works on a SPIKE

SPIKE is an experiment, and therefore need not be written in pairs.

Q 19. Distributed agile teams often make use of live video conferences to stay in touch with the remote team members. This is important because these methods enable:

1. Information radiation
2. Face-to-face communication
3. Brainstorming
4. Conflict resolution

Answer: B. Face-to-face communication

Face-to-face communication is the most effective type of communication and therefore colocation is the best arrangement for the team.

Q 20. Who is primarily accountable for delivery of the work in an agile team?

1. Development team
2. Product owner
3. Scrum master
4. Functional managers

Answer: A. Development team

The team is collectively accountable for delivery of the work

1. 21 In a given iteration, a team completed 5 stories of sizes 1, 3, 5, 8, and 13 respectively. Two other stories of size 5 each were almost complete but narrowly missed the definition of done. What is the velocity of the team in the iteration?

1. 20
2. 30
3. 35
4. 40

Answer: B. 30

Velocity only accounts for completed stories as per the definition of done

1. 22 Iteration retrospective is used to:

1. Shape product roadmap
2. Improve processes in future iterations
3. Resolve team conflicts
4. Allow the opportunity to re-organize the team

Answer: B. Improve processes in future iterations

An iteration retrospective is focused on process improvement.

12. 23 Project A has an NPV of $15,000 and IRR of 15%. Project B has an NPV of $20,000 and IRR of 13%. Project C has an NPV of $18,000 and IRR of 12.5%. Project D has an NPV of $25,000 and IRR of 14%. Which project should be selected if only one can be funded?

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

Answer: A. A

IRR is a superior measure and should be used for making decisions in benefit-cost analysis

1. 24 Which attributes should be attached to user stories?

1. Validated, Economical
2. Vital, Large
3. Valuable, Estimable
4. Verifiable, Editable

Answer: C. Valuable, Estimable

User stories should add value to the user and be small in effort and therefore, estimable.

1. 25 The scrum master of a team is working on a critical task when another team member approached him for help. The scrum master should:

1. Complete the critical task and then help the team member
2. First help the team member and then return to his task
3. Ask another team member to help
4. None of the above

Answer: B. First help the team member and then return to his task

Scrum master duties always come first – before any other task that the scrum master is performing

1. 26 What is the appropriate level to measure earned value management in an agile project?

1. Feature
2. Release
3. Iteration
4. Continuous

Answer: C. Iteration

Earned value management in an agile project should be measured at the iteration level, because this is the level where velocity is measured and resources are applied.

1. 27 During the iteration review, a customer representative pointed out that the addition of a few features would add a lot of value to the product. Who should take this into consideration first?

1. The sponsor
2. The product owner
3. The scrum master
4. The team

Answer: B. The product owner

The product owner maintains the product backlog.

1. 28 In a scrum planning meeting, the team had a few questions about the features with the highest priority. This should be resolved by:

1. The project manager
2. The customer
3. The product owner
4. The scrum master

Answer: C. The product owner

The product owner leads the first part of each iteration planning meeting where the features are discussed.

1. 29 You see a burndown chart, burnup chart, feature backlog, and a velocity chart on the wall. What are they?

1. Enterprise Environmental Factors
2. Organizational process assets
3. Agile status
4. Information radiators

Answer: D. Information radiators

An information radiator is used to communicate project status to the team and other stakeholders.

1. 30 The charter for an agile project is a bit different from the charter for a traditional project in that:

1. It is not mandatory for an agile project to have a charter
2. Agile charter may not require a business case
3. Agile charter is more lightweight, recognizing the inevitability of changes
4. Traditional charter is more high level, agile charter is revised per iteration

Answer: C. Agile charter is more lightweight, recognizing the inevitability of changes

The charter is still important for the success of an agile project but is relatively lightweight as compared to traditional charters.

1. 31 Simplicity – the art of maximizing the work not done – is essential. What is the most appropriate interpretation of this agile principle?

1. Working in short iterations automatically leads to simplicity.
2. Look for simpler solutions to avoid overengineering and prevent unnecessary work.
3. Simplicity is more important than avoiding maximum work.
4. None of the above

Answer: B. Look for simpler solutions to avoid overengineering and prevent unnecessary work.

Simpler solutions help prevent unnecessary work.

1. 32 At a stakeholder meeting, all stakeholders are given fake money to purchase the features they like and need. This is an example of:

1. An innovation game
2. Product mapping
3. Economic analysis
4. Market analysis

Answer: A. An innovation game

An innovation game is used to frame the process of requirements gathering in a creative way.

1. 33 What are the questions asked during daily stand-up meetings?

1. What did you do today?
2. What are the impediments to getting work completed?
3. What are you planning to do tomorrow?
4. All of the above

Answer: D. All of the above

The questions asked during the daily stand-up meetings are what did you accomplish yesterday, what do you plan to do today, and are you encountering obstacles?

1. 34 The expected time for planning a four-week iteration is:

1. 1-2 hours
2. 2-4 hours
3. 4-8 hours
4. 12-24 hours

Answer: C. 4-8 hours

Typically an iteration planning should take 1-2 hours for each week of sprint duration (5-10% of effort)

1. 35 The iteration review or demo is an important meeting for the team to bring the iteration to a logical conclusion. Which of the following should NOT be part of this meeting?

1. A demonstration of the working product
2. A detailed overview of the challenges encountered during the iteration and how they were overcome
3. Feedback by the participants about the product
4. Discussion about the potential release of the product

Answer: B. A detailed overview of the challenges encountered during the iteration and how they were overcome

Discussion about challenges is probably more appropriate for the retrospective.

1. 36 Which of the following is NOT very consistent with agile principles?

1. Large teams
2. Incremental delivery
3. Small releases
4. Progressive elaboration

Answer: A. Large teams

Large teams are not optimal for using agile principles.

1. 37 During an iteration, an end user keeps calling the team members requesting to include more work items to the iteration. What should be done?

1. The team should talk to the end user asking them not to be disturbed.
2. The coach should talk to the end user and explain how an agile project is planned.
3. The end user should be asked to join the team.
4. Senior management should be brought in to solve the problem.

Answer: B. The coach should talk to the end user and explain how an agile project is planned.

The coach is the person who keeps the team and end users focused on learning and using agile processes.

1. 38 A developer has not created a detailed documentation for a code that is only understood by him. Why is this a problem?

1. Code should be collectively owned by the team.
2. Conflict should be handled immediately.
3. Documentation should be written immediately.
4. The team should demand the coder be fired.

Answer: A. Code should be collectively owned by the team.

In an agile project, the code is collectively owned by team and each team member should understand the code.

1. 39 Extreme programming believes in deeper involvement of the onsite customers in the team. Which of the following is NOT a customer role in extreme programming?

1. Interaction designer
2. Business analyst
3. Product manager
4. Programmer

Answer: D. Programmer

Programmer is a developer role, not a customer role.

1. 40 Mary is the scrum master for a new project and is working with the product owner and team on selecting the user stories for the first sprint. The team has committed to 30 story points for the sprint, but the product owner wants the team to deliver more. The team is uncomfortable committing more as it hasn’t understood the stories well. What should Mary do?

1. Explain to the product owner that the team determines their commitment and she needs to accept what they have identified.
2. Encourage the product owner to review the stories and add more details and acceptance criteria to help the team better determine if they can deliver more stories.
3. Ask the team to identify two additional stories for the sprint as a stretch goal.
4. Add a story for the next sprint and add more details to the stories.

Answer: B. Encourage the product owner to review the stories and add more details and acceptance criteria to help the team better determine if they can deliver more stories.

The product owner needs to provide the details that the team requires to make their commitments.

1. 41 Team workspace should be arranged so the team members can:

1. Form smaller groups
2. Face the information radiator
3. Face each other
4. Have privacy

Answer: C. Face each other

Team workspace should be arranged to maximize the interaction between team members for the best results.

1. 42 Refactoring should produce software that is:

1. Better organized
2. Regression tested
3. Finished
4. Just passing acceptance tests

Answer: A. Better organized

Refactoring is the reorganization of working code to bring the organization in line with its functionality and maintain it better.

1. 43 During an iteration, there was a major reorganization and the team is in a flux about future direction for the product. They feel that the iteration should be put on hold or cancelled until clarity emerges. Who is responsible for making this decision?

1. Scrum master
2. Product owner
3. Team facilitator
4. Team

Answer: B. Product owner

Product owner decides whether it is appropriate to cancel an iteration.

1. 44 A team is analyzing factors that drive change and restrict change. This is called __________.

1. Change management
2. Product mapping
3. Force field analysis
4. Root cause analysis

Answer: C. Force field analysis

Force field analysis is a technique for analyzing the forces that are encouraging and resisting potential or real change and the strength of these forces.

1. 45 After the team has removed the bottlenecks in a Kanban system and established WIP limits, what should they focus on next?

1. Introduce iterative development
2. Prioritize the requirements
3. Hand over to operations
4. Continuous improvement

Answer: D. Continuous improvement

Kaizen means continuous improvement and prevents inertia from becoming a constraint.

1. 46 Pruning the Product Tree is a technique for:

1. Release planning
2. Iteration planning
3. Requirement gathering
4. Integration testing

Answer: C. Requirement gathering

The act of pruning the product tree is a technique for requirement gathering.

1. 47 A team completed 10 work items in a five-day week and each item took about five days to complete. What is the cycle time?

1. 5 days
2. 0.5 day
3. 1 day
4. 2 per day

Answer: B. 0.5 day

Cycle time is the average time between the delivery of completed work items. 10 items in 5 days means half day per item.

1. 48 The number of story points a team can complete in a single iteration is known as _________________.

1. Velocity
2. Time to value
3. Value points delivered
4. Cycle time

Answer: A. Velocity

Velocity is the number of features or user stories that a team delivers in a fixed iteration.

1. 49 All of the following are common ways to enable osmotic communication in distributed agile teams except:

1. Appointing a spokesperson for each location
2. Looping the entire team in all project-related communications
3. Conducting live video conferences
4. Traveling frequently between locations and meetings

Answer: A. Appointing a spokesperson for each location

Appointing a spokesperson restricts the channels of communication available.

1. 50 Who is responsible for updating the Kanban board?

1. The product owner
2. The scrum master
3. The tester
4. The team

Answer: D. The team

The Kanban board is an artifact that shows work in progress (WIP) that can only be updated by the team doing the work.

1. 51 Which technique helps in analyzing how different groups interact with the product?

1. Stakeholder analysis
2. Creating personas
3. Wireframes
4. Risk analysis

Answer: B. Creating personas

A persona is an imaginary person or identity created by the team, to model interactions with the system to gather requirements. Creating personas helps in analyzing how different groups interact with the product.

1. 52 A product owner is very pushy and tends to compel the team members to accept more work than they can accomplish. This is causing team burnout. What is the best way to resolve this issue?

1. The team facilitator should talk to the product owner and explain the dangers of team burnout.
2. The team should pad their estimates with buffers.
3. The product owner should be replaced.
4. More team members should be added so that work can be evenly distributed.

Answer: A. The team facilitator should talk to the product owner and explain the dangers of team burnout.

The team facilitator should talk to the product owner and explain the dangers of team burnout. This is the best way to resolve the issues in the given scenario.

1. 53 What does the work in progress number represent on a Kanban board?

1. The number of story points for the swim lane
2. The cycle time target for the swim lane
3. The minimum number of work items that should be in a swim lane
4. The maximum number of work items that should be in a swim lane

Answer: D. The maximum number of work items that should be in a swim lane

The work in progress number on a Kanban board is the maximum number of work items in a swim lane.

1. 54 A testing team finds that it is often in the firing line as they often have more work than they can handle. In the Kanban system the best way to handle this is to:

1. Limit the work in progress at the testing stage.
2. Add team members to the testing team.
3. Focus more on automated testing.
4. Request developers to help out with testing.

Answer: A. Limit the work in progress at the testing stage.

Limiting the WIP will address the feeling of being overwhelmed with work and pave the way for more creative solutions to the problem.

1. 55 For an agile team, the total release backlog is 250 points and each point costs $50 to deliver. The earned value at the end of the third iteration is 50 points and the CPI is 0.8. How much is the expected cost for the remaining project if the current cost performance is expected to continue in the future?

1. $12,500
2. $10,000
3. $12,000
4. $8,000

Answer: A. $12,500

Remaining points = 200. Budget for remaining points = 200 * 50 = 10,000. At a CPI of 0.8, expected cost of remaining work = 10,000/0.8 = $12,500

1. 56 Which value is NOT in the Agile Manifesto?

1. Comprehensive documentation
2. Contract negotiation
3. Process improvement
4. Processes and tools

Answer: C. Process improvement

The values of the Agile Manifesto are individuals and interactions over processes and tools, working software over comprehensive documentation, customer collaboration over contract negotiation, and responding to change over following a plan.

1. 57 A team’s velocity is performing iteration planning using a commitment based approach as the velocity is not known up-front. Which of the following is NOT an acceptable way of establishing the commitment?

1. Use industry standards
2. Go by team consensus
3. Use team capacity to estimate velocity
4. None of the above

Answer: A. Use industry standards

A team’s velocity is not likely to be comparable to another one, so using industry standards is meaningless

1. 58 Distributed agile teams are _____________.

1. Generally less effective than co-located teams
2. Not allowed
3. Organized in a different way than co-located teams
4. As effective or more effective than co-located teams

Answer: A. Generally less effective than co-located teams

Distributed agile teams are generally less effective than co-located teams because of the lack of high-bandwidth communication.

1. 59 The amount of time for a feature to move from inception to live deployment is _________________.

1. Burn rate
2. Lead time
3. Cycle time
4. Velocity

Answer: B. Lead time

The lead time is the amount of time needed from inception to live deployment.

1. 60 Documentation for an agile project should be _________________.

1. Enough for someone else to understand
2. Thorough
3. Barely sufficient
4. Avoided

Answer: C. Barely sufficient

Documentation for an agile project should be barely sufficient.

1. 61 When should you play Planning Poker?

1. After the story points have been determined, but before tests have been developed
2. After the features have been chosen, but before the user stories have been written
3. After the user stories have been written, but before the story points have been assigned
4. After the epics have been written, but before the story map has been developed

Answer: C. After the user stories have been written, but before the story points have been assigned

Planning Poker is a technique for agile planning that is completed after the user stories have been written, but before the story map has been developed.

1. 62 All of the following are lean principles, except _________________.

1. Decide as late as possible
2. Build integrity in
3. Test as early as possible
4. See the whole

Answer: C. Test as early as possible

The seven lean principles: eliminate waste, amplify learning, decide as late as possible, deliver as fast as possible, empower the team, build integrity in, and see the whole are worded at Toyota in their manufacturing program.

1. 63 During testing of a product, the tester and the developer disagreed on the usability of a particular feature. Who should resolve this confusion?

1. The scrum master
2. The product owner
3. The team
4. The sponsor

Answer: B. The product owner

The product owner represents the customer, users, and stakeholders.

1. 64 What is an appropriate time to break down the user stories into tasks?

1. During iteration planning
2. During release planning
3. After daily stand-ups
4. When user stories are written

Answer: A. During iteration planning

Iteration planning includes the defining of tasks on an agile project.

1. 65 During an iteration, a team member needs to be on standby support when a critical feature is being deployed over a weekend. None of the team members wants to sign up for this task. How should this situation be addressed?

1. The senior most team member should be assigned.
2. A draw of lots is used to decide who signs up for the task.
3. The team should decide who picks up the task.
4. The functional managers should decide who signs up the task.

Answer: C. The team should decide who picks up the task.

Task assignments are done by the team in a self-organized agile team.

1. 66 If the earned value is $1500 and the planned value is $1350, the team is:

1. Ahead of schedule by $150
2. Behind schedule by $150
3. Over budget by $150
4. Under budget by $150

Answer: A. Ahead of schedule by $150

Schedule variance = EV – PV = $150. Therefore the team is ahead of schedule by $150.

1. 67 How is the schedule created for an agile project?

1. Analyzing the activity and determining dependencies
2. Estimating story points and applying velocity
3. Decomposing in the WBS
4. Timeboxing the iteration

Answer: B. Estimating story points and applying velocity

The agile project schedule is created by estimating story points and applying velocity.

1. 68 The return on investment (ROI) for a project should be tracked and reported by ____________.

1. Functional managers
2. The team
3. The scrum master
4. The product owner

Answer: D. The product owner

The product owner should maintain the ROI for the project.

1. 69 The Y-axis on a burnup chart is _________________.

1. Resource
2. Cost
3. Functionality
4. Time to value

Answer: C. Functionality

The burnup chart plots time on the X-axis and functionality on the Y-axis.

1. 70 Burndown charts are _________________.

1. Used to calculate cycle time
2. Used to manage risk
3. Used to track cost and schedule progress
4. Used to track scope and schedule progress

Answer: D. Used to track scope and schedule progress

The burndown charts are used to track scope and schedule progress of the project.

1. 71 A team and business users are trying to agree on the design of a web interface for an ecommerce application. Which technique is likely to be most effective in this process?

1. Wireframes
2. Brainstorming
3. Wideband Delphi
4. Force-field analysis

Answer: A. Wireframes

Wireframes are simple means to express a user interface. Hence, in this case wireframes are the most effective technique.

1. 72 A team finds that it frequently lands into trouble while implementing a feature due to unfulfilled external dependencies. They decided to ensure in the future that all dependencies should be met before an item can be accepted into an iteration for development. This needs to be included in the:

1. Acceptance criteria
2. Definition of ready
3. Definition of done
4. Iteration backlog

Answer: B. Definition of ready

Definition of ready determines when an item is ready for development.

1. 73 Continuous integration is the practice of:

1. Testing each unit daily
2. Reminding the team of agile practices often
3. Checking in the new features daily
4. Getting the software to the customer frequently

Answer: C. Checking in the new features daily

Continuous integration is executed when code changes are checked in and tested daily.

1. 74 An agile team considers the risks on the project and includes tasks to address them as part of the project work. This is done using:

1. The risk management plan
2. The risk association matrix
3. The risk decision tree
4. The risk-adjusted backlog

Answer: D. The risk-adjusted backlog

The risk-adjusted backlog is a primary way in which risk is managed.

1. 75 One of the lean principles is to amplify learning. This means:

1. Document the lessons learned after each iteration.
2. Send the team members for extensive training before they start working.
3. Try to learn as much as you can from each experience and incident.
4. Work in pairs to learn from each other.

Answer: C. Try to learn as much as you can from each experience and incident.

The principle amplifies learning means learning from each experience and incident. Learning happens naturally, if only you take the time to reflect on each incident and problem encountered.

1. 76 What should the duration of daily stand-up meetings be?

1. Not more than 30 minutes
2. Not more than 15 minutes
3. Not more than 5 minutes
4. As long as the team wants to meet

Answer: B. Not more than 15 minutes

The daily stand-up meetings should be held daily and should last no longer than 15 minutes.

1. 77 A team estimated that the total ideal time requirement for a proposed set of work items is 500 hours. How should this be translated into elapsed time?

1. Based on a conversion rate of ideal to actual time at a team level
2. Using the story pointing approach
3. By estimating the distractions expected for each team member
4. By breaking each task at a granular level and re estimating the actual time

Answer: A. Based on a conversion rate of ideal to actual time at a team level

Actual time is the amount of time an assignment would take to complete. Ideal time is the amount of time an assignment would take if there were no interruptions or distractions. The conversion to elapsed time depends upon individuals involved but can usually be reasonably estimated at an aggregate or team level.

1. 78 If the agile project is released timeboxed, which of the following is true?

1. There is no flexibility in the schedule.
2. The team should use MoSCoW prioritization to create a feature buffer.
3. The iteration schedule can be extended.
4. It is pointless to estimate as it is a “death march” project.

Answer: B. The team should use MoSCoW prioritization to create a feature buffer.

A team can maintain a feature buffer and follow a MoSCoW scheme to logically sequence the work.

1. 79 In a large project, the team identified the highest priority features and completed them first. The remaining features are almost at the same priority level and the team is confused which one to work on first. How should this be addressed?

1. By completing the remaining stories in any order
2. By considering technical convenience as the key factor in determining sequence from this point
3. By reprioritizing the backlog frequently
4. By waiting for a few more high priority features to emerge before starting new work

Answer: C. By reprioritizing the backlog frequently

The backlog should be frequently re-prioritized.

1. 80 A large product requires 4 teams working in parallel. How many product owners should be assigned to this product?

1. One
2. Four
3. Two
4. Six

Answer: B. Four

One PO per team is the norm.

1. 81 A large product requires four teams working in parallel. How many product backlogs should be produced?

1. One
2. Four
3. Two
4. Six

Answer: A. One

There should always be one backlog per product.

1. 82 In agile, tasks are assigned by the:

1. Scrum master
2. Team themselves
3. Product owner
4. Project manager

Answer: B. Team themselves

Tasks are assigned by the team themselves as they showcase a self-organizing team.

1. 83 Who is responsible for taking the product risk into consideration while prioritizing the backlog?

1. The product owner
2. The team
3. The scrum master
4. The project manager

Answer: A. The product owner

The product owner has responsibility for the product risk.

1. 84 A daily stand-up meeting for a team ends up taking longer than 15 minutes because a product owner assigns tasks to team members in the meeting. How should this be addressed?

1. Scrum master should assign tasks before the standup to keep the meeting short.
2. Extend the meeting to 30 minutes.
3. Assign the tasks after the standup meeting.
4. Ask the PO not to attend the standups and not assign tasks to the team

Answer: D. Ask the PO not to attend the standups and not assign tasks to the team

Tasks are self-assigned by the team and the PO should be encouraged not to attend the standup which is a meeting of, for, and by the team

1. 85 A theme is _________________.

1. A business need
2. An epic story
3. The central idea or purpose behind a group of stories, iteration, or a release
4. The capability of the system

Answer: C. The central idea or purpose behind a group of stories, iteration, or a release

A theme is the main purpose behind a group of stories, iteration, or release.

1. 86 After discovering the bottleneck or constraining step in a Kanban system, the first step should be to:

1. Add resources to the constraining step.
2. Find ways to speed up the step with existing resources.
3. Shift the constraint elsewhere.
4. Shift work away from the constraining step.

Answer: B. Find ways to speed up the step with existing resources.

The team should find a way to speed up the constraining step which controls the speed of overall execution.

1. 87 Which of the following is an appropriate measure to express the effort associated with user stories?

1. Tasks
2. Ideal time
3. Velocity
4. Cycle time

Answer: B. Ideal time

Ideal time is the amount of time an assignment would take if there were no interruptions or distractions.

1. 88 A software development team identified a number of steps in their value stream map. Which of the following is most likely to represent waste?

1. Analysis
2. Defect fixing
3. Coding
4. Testing

Answer: B. Defect fixing

Defect fixing is a waste because it represents rework caused by poor implementation.

1. 89 Throughout the project, velocity of the team has been unexpectedly falling. What does this mean?

1. It is a cause of concern as the team is not able to display predictability.
2. It is a cause of concern as it will affect the team performance feedback.
3. It is not a cause of concern as the cycle time should improve.
4. It is not a cause of concern as it will not impede the customer value.

Answer: A. It is a cause of concern as the team is not able to display predictability.

Throughout the project, velocity of the team has been unexpectedly falling. It is a cause of concern as the team is not able to display predictability.

1. 90 When playing Planning Poker, which of the following unit of measure is used to estimate effort?

1. Story points
2. Days
3. Dollars
4. Weeks

Answer: A. Story points

A story point is a unit of measure to express the estimated effort of the user story. It is the common measure used to estimate effort while playing Planning Poker.

1. 91 Which of the following is a key skill for a servant leader?

1. Task management
2. Performance management
3. Execution
4. Active listening

Answer: D. Active listening

Active listening involves the role that requires the listener to receive and understand what is said and provide feedback to the sender.

1. 92 The Kanban board is a simple artifact that serves all of the following purposes except:

1. Acting as information radiator
2. Resolving impediments
3. Visualizing the workflow
4. Identifying constraints

Answer: B. Resolving impediments

The Kanban board cannot show the underlying impediments, which have to be resolved by the team after analysis.

1. 93 At what point does backlog refinement take place?

1. During retrospection meeting
2. At special iterations scheduled for backlog refinement
3. Throughout the project
4. During iteration planning meeting

Answer: C. Throughout the project

Backlog Refinement should happen throughout the project.

1. 94 What is the main purpose of the daily stand-up meeting?

1. Resolving the issues faced by the team
2. Exchanging information among the team members
3. Reporting the status of the team
4. Ensuring that the project is on track

Answer: B. Exchanging information among the team members

The main purpose of the daily stand-up is to get the whole team on the same page.

1. 95 During the planning of an iteration, a team discovered a risk which has a 50% probability of occurrence and an impact of two days. What is the expected value of this event?

1. 0.5 days
2. 10%
3. 1 day
4. 20%

Answer: C. 1 day.

EMV = Probability * Impact

1. 96 What is usually the last event in a sprint or iteration?

1. The next sprint
2. The release
3. The testing
4. The retrospective

Answer: D. The retrospective

After the sprint, the team must perform a retrospective in order to improve the process.

1. 97 Agile leadership is most closely associated with which style?

1. Laissez faire
2. Command and control
3. Direction
4. Servant

Answer: D. Servant

Servant Leadership is associated with agile.

1. 98 The schedule of an agile project is generally established by _________________.

1. Determining the critical path
2. The calculation of story points and team velocity
3. The calculation of work packages and scope
4. The estimation of tasks, dependencies, and duration

Answer: B. The calculation of story points and team velocity

The most important items in agile are story points and velocity. A story point is a unit of measure to express the estimated effort of the user story. Velocity is the number of features or user stories that a team delivers in a fixed iteration.

1. 99 The Agile Manifesto states ‘Individuals and Interactions over _____.’

1. Comprehensive documentation
2. Top down management and tooling
3. Processes and tools
4. Contract negotiation

Answer: C. Processes and tools

The Manifesto states ‘Individuals and Interactions over processes and tools.’ The Manifesto states that while there is value to the items on the right of the statement, Agile emphasizes the items on the left.

1. 100 Where would you expect to find the epic stories in the product backlog?

1. At or near the top
2. Not present in the product backlog
3. Decomposed in the WBS
4. At or near the bottom

Answer: D. At or near the bottom

Epic stories are large stories that have not been broken down, and these are typically found at or near the bottom of the product backlog.

1. 101 The executive sponsor has indicated that co-location of an agile team is not possible. What is the best response?

1. Insist that the team be co-located
2. Use a waterfall methodology
3. Create a live presence through technology
4. No action is needed

Answer: C. Create a live presence through technology

A live presence should be created through agile tooling, which is technology designed to increase the sense of team and to encourage participation among the members. Examples include version control software, collaboration software, or video conferencing for distributed teams.

1. 102 A stakeholder has asked for the status of the project. What do you do?

1. The product owner should provide the status.
2. Ask the coach to gather status.
3. Show them where the information radiator is.
4. Gather the team for a status meeting.

Answer: C. Show them where the information radiator is.

The information radiator is used to communicate project status to the team and other stakeholders.

1. 103 A product owner has asked to attend the team daily stand-up meetings. What should the scrum master do?

1. Invite the product owner to the retrospective instead.
2. Invite the product owner to attend but as a silent observer.
3. Invite the product owner to attend and participate in the meeting.
4. Have the team vote on the request.

Answer: B. Invite the product owner to attend but as a silent observer.

The daily stand-up meeting is a brief meeting where the entire agile team attends and participates. The other stakeholders like the product owner should not participate in these daily meetings.

1. 104 The product owner of a team told the team facilitator that they would like to have three alpha releases during a six month project. The team facilitator said this does not matter. Why did the facilitator say this?

1. Because releasing is purely up to the product owner
2. Because every iteration should be releasable in an agile project
3. Because the team knows that this request will change any way
4. Because the product is deployed on a daily basis

Answer: B. Because every iteration should be releasable in an agile project

Every iteration should have a releasable product.

1. 105 Which document shows planned releases and relevant features coming over a period of time?

1. The product roadmap
2. The agile release plan
3. The project management plan
4. The iteration plan

Answer: A. The product roadmap

The product roadmap is an artifact that shows an overview of current and/or planned product functionality.

1. 106 The process of cost estimating is accurate when _________________.

1. Costs are estimated at the end of each iteration.
2. Costs are estimated when the product backlog is completed.
3. Costs go down as iterations progress.
4. Costs are estimated using burn rate, velocity, product backlog, and release plan.

Answer: D. Costs are estimated using burn rate, velocity, product backlog, and release plan.

Cost estimates are most accurate when burn rates, velocity, product backlog, and release plans are used.

1. 107 Which of the following is an important attribute for a scrum master or team facilitator of an agile team?

1. Technical leadership
2. Business acumen
3. Humility
4. Aggression

Answer: C. Humility

A scrum master or team facilitator is a servant leader and needs to display humility.

1. 108 Which estimating technique can be used when there is limited amount of time to estimate a large number of stories?

1. Planning Poker
2. Affinity estimating
3. Scatter diagrams
4. Wideband Delphi

Answer: B. Affinity estimating

Affinity estimating is the practice of using common sizes to rapidly place user stories into similarly sized groups.

1. 109 The best way to represent the work remaining on a project is _________________.

1. The product backlog
2. The velocity chart
3. The iteration backlog
4. The iteration plan

Answer: A. The product backlog

Product backlog is all the known features that are to be implemented throughout the project, regardless of the planned iteration or release.

1. 110 A team finds that although they deliver working product increments every iteration, they are not deployed quickly enough due to the operational teams not being in a state of readiness. Which of the following techniques is most likely to help the team overcome this problem?

1. Continuous integration
2. Continuous refactoring
3. DevOps
4. ITIL

Answer: C. DevOps

DevOps helps speed up the deployment of products from development to operations.

1. 111 The team suggested estimates. The range of estimates were plotted on a graph with no names and discussed. What method did the team use?

1. Hi-low estimates
2. Affinity estimating
3. The Wideband Delphi
4. Fibonacci sequences

Answer: C. The Wideband Delphi

Wideband Delphi estimation includes plotting estimates on a chart with no names, and then the range of points is discussed, and the team attempts to reach a general consensus.

1. 112 How should a coach handle conflict?

1. Coach should let the team settle the conflict unless the temperature of the conflict is very high
2. Conflict should be handled immediately
3. Conflict should be ignored
4. Conflict should be avoided

Answer: A. Coach should let the team settle the conflict unless the temperature of the conflict is very high

Conflict is an area of disagreement on the team. Some conflict is healthy and encouraged on agile projects, as it can lead to process improvement and a higher quality product. Coach should let the team settle the conflict unless the temperature of the conflict is very high.

1. 113 A product roadmap is used as a ____________.

1. Negotiation tool
2. Planning tool
3. Communication tool
4. Visioning tool

Answer: C. Communication tool

A product roadmap is used as a communication tool.

1. 114 The release burndown chart of a team shows an upward spike between the second and third iterations. What could cause this?

1. The team cycle time dropped.
2. User stories were added to the release backlog.
3. The team velocity decreased
4. The team burn rate increased.

Answer: B. User stories were added to the release backlog.

The burndown chart should show the backlog of work will lessen. When this does not happen, it means that additional work was added to the release causing a rise in the chart.

1. 115 A team was working on a project with a release backlog of 200 points. Between iterations 1 and 3, they completed 50 points of work and the product owner added 20 points of work to the release. What should be the bottom of the burndown bar chart?

1. At 150
2. At -20
3. At 20
4. At 50

Answer: B. At -20

As twenty points get added, the bottom of the bar shifts down by 20 points.

1. 116 The agile team has collective responsibility for the following, except _________________.

1. The product backlog
2. The code
3. The quality of the product
4. The completed speed stories

Answer: A. The product backlog

The product owner maintains the product backlog.

1. 117 Which of the following is true about payback period calculation?

1. Payback period should not be used by itself.
2. Payback period should only be used when risk is included.
3. A shorter payback period is better than a larger one.
4. Payback periods should be compared with other projects.

Answer: C. A shorter payback period is better than a larger one.

The payback period is a calculation where a shorter payback period is preferred over a larger period.

1. 118 A team was working on a project with a release backlog of 200 points. Between iterations 1 and 3, they completed 50 points of work and the product owner added 20 points of work to the release. What should be the top of the burndown bar chart?

1. At 170
2. At 150
3. At 130
4. At 200

Answer: B. At 150

The top of the bar moves down as the team completes the work. As 50 points are completed, the top will be at 150

1. 119 What is the best metric to compare two agile teams ?

1. Velocity
2. ROI
3. Cycle times
4. Story points

Answer: B. ROI

The ROI is the percentage that shows what of return an organization makes by investing in something. It equates to value, which is an important factor to the agile methodology.

1. 120 When would an agile project be appropriate?

1. A simple project where the requirements are mostly undetermined
2. A simple project where the requirements are firmly set
3. A complex project where the requirements are mostly undetermined
4. A complex project where the requirements are firmly set

Answer: C. A complex project where the requirements are mostly undetermined

Agile projects work best in projects that are complex and where the requirements are mostly undetermined.